Bod (to be)
| Present | Future |
| dw i | bydda i |
| rwyt ti | byddi di |
| mae e / hi | bydd e / hi |
| 'dyn ni | byddwn ni |
| dych chi | byddwch chi |
| maen nhw | byddan nhw |
| Past | Simple past |
| ro'n i | bues i |
| ro't ti | buest ti |
| roedd e / hi | buodd e / hi |
| ro'n ni | buon ni |
| ro'ch chi | buoch chi |
| ro'n nhw | buon nhw |
| Conditional 1 | Conditional 2 |
| bwddwn i | 'swn i |
| bwddet ti | 'set ti |
| bwddai fe / hi | 'sai fe / hi |
| bwdden ni | 'sen ni |
| bwddech chi | 'sech chi |
| bwdden nhw | 'sen nhw |
Note: Often we use the particle yn or ’n to connect the verb in the sentence, but not after wedi.
| Perfect | Pluperfect |
| dw i wedi | ro'n i wedi |
| rwyt ti wedi | ro't ti wedi |
| mae e / hi wedi | roedd e / hi wedi |
| 'dyn ni wedi | ro'n ni wedi |
| dych chi wedi | ro'ch chi wedi |
| maen nhw wedi | ro'n nhw wedi |
Negative form:
| Present | Future |
| dw i ddim | fydda i ddim |
| dwyt ti ddim | fyddi di ddim |
| dyw e / hi ddim | fydd e / hi ddim |
| ’dyn ni ddim | fyddwn ni ddim |
| dych chi ddim | fyddwch chi ddim |
| ’dyn nhw ddim | fyddan nhw ddim |
| Past | Simple past |
| do’n i ddim | fues i ddim |
| do’t ti ddim | fuest ti ddim |
| doedd e / hi ddim | fuodd e / hi ddim |
| do’n ni ddim | fuon ni ddim |
| do’ch chi ddim | fuoch chi ddim |
| do’n nhw ddim | fuon nhw ddim |
| Conditional |
| fwddwn i ddim |
| fyddet ti ddim |
| fyddai fe/hi ddim |
| fydden ni ddim |
| fyddech chi ddim |
| fydden nhw ddim |
Regular verbs
Helpu (to help)
| Past | Future |
| helpais i | helpa i |
| helpaist ti | helpi di |
| helpodd e / hi | helpith e / hi |
| helpon ni | helpwn ni |
| helpoch chi | helpwch chi |
| helpon nhw | helpan nhw |
Irregular verbs
Mynd (to go)
| Past | Future |
| es i | a’ i |
| est ti | ei di |
| aeth e / hi | eith e / hi |
| aethon ni | awn ni |
| aethoch chi | ewch chi |
| aethon nhw | ân nhw |
Gwneud (to do)
| Past | Future |
| gwnes i | gwna’ i |
| gwnest ti | gwnei di |
| gwnaeth e / hi | gwneith e / hi |
| gwnaethon ni | gwnawn ni |
| gwnaethoch chi | gwnewch chi |
| gwnaethon nhw | gwnân nhw |
Dod (to come)
| Past | Future |
| des i | do’ i |
| dest ti | doi di |
| daeth e / hi | daw e / hi |
| daethon ni | down ni |
| daethoch chi | dewch chi |
| daethon nhw | dôn nhw |
Cael (to have)
| Past | Future |
| ces i | ca’ i |
| cest ti | cei di |
| cafodd e / hi | ceith e / hi |
| cawson ni | cawn ni |
| cawsoch chi | cewch chi |
| cawson nhw | cân nhw |
Base of the verb
- when the verb ends with a vowel, the prefix is removed:
helpu (to help) / help- > helpais i
cysgu (to sleep) / cysg- > cysgais i
- when the verb ends with a consonant, the word is kept in full:
siarad (to talk) / siarad- > siaradais i
- exceptions:
mwynhau (to please) / mwynheu- > mwynheuais i
cyrraedd (to arrive, to reach) / cyrhaedd- > cyrhaeddais i
gadael (to go away) / gadaw- > gadawais i
meddwl (to think) / meddyli- > meddyliais i
aros (to stay, to wait) / arhos- > arhosais i
gwrando (to listen) / gwrandaw- > gwrandawais i
dechrau (to start) / dechreu- > dechreuais i
gweld (to see) / gwel- > gwelais i
yfed (to drink) / yf- > yfais i
ennill (to win) / enill- > enillais i
rhedeg (to run) / rhed- > rhedais i
cymryd (to take) / cymer- > cymerais i
clywed (to hear) / clyw- > clywais i
dweud (to say) / dwed- > dwedais i